Snelkoppelingen
Misdaad in Marseille
Marseille ligt aan de zuidkust van Frankrijk, 110 mijl ten westen van de beroemde en glinsterende Rivièra. Het is de oudste Franse stad, daterend uit 600 v.Chr., en is de thuisbasis van ongeveer 850.000 inwoners, de op een na grootste stad in Frankrijk.
We recommend you don’t go near this dangerous and corrupted city.
Het is een stad van contrasten, met de rijkere, voornamelijk blanke gebieden ten zuiden van het stadscentrum en de armere noordelijke districten van het centrum van de stad, waar 40% van de mensen onder de armoedegrens leeft. Velen noemen Marseille de armste stad van Frankrijk. Degenen met geld wonen in de buitenwijken, terwijl de noordelijke districten vol staan met hoogbouwblokken (soms ook wel getto's genoemd) die voornamelijk worden bewoond door immigranten en ontheemde jongeren.
Crime is rife in the city, with high murder rates and drug related crimes, and it’s only getting worse: Marseille is experiencing growing social problems. Areas in the northern districts have become ‘no-go’ areas for the police and the locals run their own road blocks to monitor who enters and dish out their own form of discipline and punishment. Gang warfare is the norm and the drug cartels operate with relative impunity and openly carry Kalashnikovs, which have become the weapon of choice.
As Marseille is a large port city, this has meant that it has become a magnet for immigration. There is no way of knowing how many Arabs/Muslims live in any individual city, because registration by religion or ethnic origin is forbidden by law, however the latest research in Marseille suggests that around one-third of ‘Marseilles’ are now Muslim. Back in 2006, it was reported that 70,000 city residents were considered to be of Maghrebian origin, mostly Algerian. The second largest group in Marseille in terms of single nationalities were from the Comoros, amounting to some 45,000 people. This has increased tremendously as migrants flee the troubles of their African and Middle Eastern countries. This group does not assimilate well with native Marseilles.
Crime rates are over 5 times higher than any other city in France. The murder rate is especially high, as young men are routinely trapped and burned alive. This happens so often that it even has a name: it’s called a ‘Marseille barbecue’, en het is onderdeel van bende- of drugsgerelateerde criminaliteit.
Muggings are violent and usually involve numerous people, who carry weapons. Approaching on scooters is a common tactic. As youth unemployment is reported to be as high as 40%, crimes of robbery and assault to obtain easily sold valuables are common.
As if all this wasn’t bad enough, Marseille also has a continuing war with the Corsican separatist group FLNC, and they have carried out bomb attacks on many hotels in Marseille.
If you must visit Marseille, use common sense and don’t put yourself at risk by entering areas known for high crime rates (like the third arrondissement –the poorest area in France– where over 50% live beneath the poverty line). Don’t travel alone at night. If you have an air of confidence about you and you look at home with your surroundings, you are less likely to be attacked.
Bekijk onze Deskundige tips over hoe u criminaliteit aan de Franse Rivièra kunt vermijden and see our Marseille-specific tips below.
Behind the Crime that Gave Marseille its Drug Trafficking Reputation
Marseille has a long history of criminal activity involving the mafia, but there is one crime in particular that gave this city its reputation as a drug-trafficking capital: the ‘French Connection’. It’s an amazing story that begins with stolen Nazi money and ends with corruption in 1970’s New York.
In the 1930s, Corsican mafia leader Paul Carbone realized that there was money to be made on the streets of America by selling heroin. He began transporting poppy seeds from Turkey to France – via Marseille – and then on towards Canada and, eventually, the US. This route (soon dubbed the ‘French Connection’) used Marseille as a thoroughfare because it was one of the busiest ports in the Mediterranean, meaning shipments were more difficult to detect.
A man called Auguste Ricord worked with Carbone to finance the operation. It is believed that the money Ricord provided was obtained during his time with the French Gestapo, a branch of the Nazi party, in the years that made up World War II. US authorities were aware of the French Connection as early as 1937, having discovered a number of Marseille-based labs that were turning morphine paste into heroine. However, the CIA allegedly protected the Corsican gang because of the help they provided in preventing French communists from taking control of Marseille’s Old Port at the end of World War II. This turned out to be a big mistake for the Americans.
De French Connection begon in de jaren 50 en 60 geleidelijk steeds grotere hoeveelheden drugs naar Amerika te verschepen. Geschat wordt dat er in 1960 jaarlijks wel 5000 pond heroïne (2300 kg) via de route op de Amerikaanse straten terechtkwam. Franse autoriteiten waren naar verluidt terughoudend om een van de belangrijkste leiders van de bende te arresteren, omdat hij deel uitmaakte van het Franse verzet tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog.
The US government tried to get Turkey to reduce the amount of opium being exported, but eventually they knew they had to bring down the mob themselves. The US authorities (with help from international allies) clamped down on the trafficking activity and, throughout the early 1970’s, seized boatloads of drugs and arrested hundreds of people. At the same time, many members of the mafia involved were killed due to in-fighting with other gangs. By the mid ’70s, the French Connection was washed up.
The French Connection brought a huge amount of drugs into the US – and many New York police officers used the scheme to get rich themselves. In fact, the NYPD involvement is still at the centre of one of history’s most infamous, unsolved corruption scandals: in 1962 werd een grote partij drugs – met meer dan 400 pond heroïne en cocaïne, waarvan gezegd wordt dat het een waarde heeft van $ 73 miljoen – in beslag genomen van de French Connection-bende. In 1972 werd ontdekt dat de drugs, die werden bewaard in een kluis van de politie van New York City, waren vervangen door bloem en maizena en in de loop van tien jaar op straat in Amerika waren verkocht. Vier politieagenten van New York City waren erbij betrokken, waarvan er één later werd vermoord.
One of the French Connection mobsters – eventually sent down fora total of 455 years for his crimes – is currently languishing in an American jail; Anthony Casso is perhaps the only person in the world that will ever know who was really responsible for leaking the drugs onto the streets.
The French connection is the stuff of legends – and prime material Hollywood. In 1971, William Friedkin (who famously went on to direct ‘The Exorcist’) made a movie called ‘The French Connection’, starring Gene Hackman. But the French were already using Marseille as a notorious backdrop long before this. Films like Jacques Deray’s ‘Borsalino' (1970), met in de hoofdrol twee van de populairste acteurs van Frankrijk in die tijd, toonde rivaliserende gangsters en strijdende maffiafamilies. De lokale bevolking van Marseille wist al lang dat de stad het thuis was van duister maffiagedrag, maar het was het Oscar-winnende succes van 'The French Connection' dat echt bewustzijn bracht bij een internationaal publiek.
Marseille’s infamy continues to this day, with Netflix’s grandiose Marseille series and Cédric Jimenez’s 2014 version of the drug bust starring Jean Dujardin, called ‘La French’. It appears as if this is one aspect of Marseille’s history that it will never shake.
2024 Update
In late March 2024, French President Emmanuel Macron initiated a multi-week crackdown on drug trafficking in Marseille, a city that has been plagued by gang violence, resulting in dozens of deaths and making life unbearable for many residents. During his unexpected visit to the southern port city, which is set to host several events for the Paris 2024 Olympics, Macron announced that more than 80 individuals had already been apprehended in the initial raids. Over the next three weeks, approximately 4,000 police officers will be deployed weekly in Marseille and its surrounding areas. The President commenced his visit with a walkabout in the northern district of La Castellane , one of the worst-affected areas, assuring residents that the operation aims to “try to destroy the networks and the traffickers.”
Joseph Downing – a senior lecturer in politics and international relations, who grew up on a London council estate and lives in Marseille, where he has studied the relationship between the cités and police – said it was impossible for Britons to grasp how awful the estates are. He says that “in terms of the disrepair of the housing stock, the absence of the state – the absence of anybody – we can’t comprehend it’s possible. The police are even scared to go there. For us, this is unthinkable. These places are literally outside the state. If you call the police as a resident, they will not come.”
A Local’s Perspective and Tips
“I’m an English guy who’s been living in Marseille since July 2014 and am offering an update on the crime and safety situation from a local perspective. Myself and every resident I speak with here has first hand experience of crime, with the most common being snatch thefts, pickpocket, theft from cars, theft of bicycles / motorbikes. I’ve had a bag snatched, I saw the thief take it and I chased him. This is the first time anything like this has happened to me, I’m almost fifty years old and have lived in some dodgy areas of major UK cities with the worst that happened being a bike stolen from the entrance hall of some flats where I lived.
Certain parts of Marseille are a lot more dangerous than others. The forest of CCTV cameras recently installed may have made areas like the Vieux Port and Panier safer but based on my experiences and what I’ve heard from long term residents, here are some points to bear in mind:
- Snatch thefts of jewellery, especially neck chains occur on the tram and the metro. Also thefts of watches, so if anyone asks you the time, you don’t know. Why would they ask you the time when they almost certainly have a mobile phone?
- Pickpockets operate all over the city but especially on the metro. St Charles station is nowadays crawling with security guards and soldiers. Be very wary of people bumping into you, groups of young people kicking a football around which happens to cross your path…and as the young man goes to get the ball he somehow bumps into you while his accomplice is reaching for the mobile they saw earlier on outlined in your trouser pocket.
- I nowadays use various concealed wallets when I’m out and about in the city centre, because I’ve lost count of the number of attempts at theft that have been made. I have a shoulder bag that can carry a smartphone, wallet, set of keys and can be concealed under clothing. Local people I know never carry a bag with them in the evening.
- I suggest leaving your nice designer watch, gold jewellery and smartphone behind and when you’re on the street, use one of the free maps available from the tourist information.
- The area bordered by Allee Gambetta , Rue de la Grande Armee and la Canebiere should be avoided as should the side streets near St Charles station . There’s nothing of any interest around there in any case. One exception might be the vegetarian restaurant Grain du Sable on rue Baignoir, open lunchtimes.
- The area running from Cours Belsunce , around Rue Colbert up to Port d’Aix is extremely dangerous and notorious for snatch thefts. An ambulance crew, collecting a patient recently had their smartphones and the works phone stolen from the front of the ambulance while they were getting the patient in to the back. This was where I had a bag snatched in broad daylight. So if you’re thinking of strolling up to the Arc de Triomphe and having a picnic on the grass under the trees – don’t. This area is also the end of the motorway A7 and there are reports of motorists being robbed who’ve come off the motorway and stopped the car to check directions.
- Every day I see at least two or three cars with the rear window smashed in. If you bring a car with plates from outside the city, especially foreign ones, it’s just a matter of when, not if, it will get broken into.
- The beaches are also notorious for thefts. Plage Prophete , Catalans and Prado have free cloakrooms from June to September and you are well advised to use them.
- As a visitor, you may well end up around Cours Julien , which is a lively area with some great cafes, bars and several excellent venues for live music. Unfortunately it’s also become a magnet for druggies, street drinkers and aggressive beggars and care should be taken in this neighborhood.
- Some music venues you might find your way to are the Docks de Sud which is a superclub holding techno, drum and bass all-nighters and Le Nomad . Both are in the beginnings of the Quartiers Nords, the nearest metro station is Bougainville although Docks de Sud is on the tram network. You should organize transport back to wherever you’re staying (unless you’re planning on an all-nighter) this is definitely not a neighborhood to wander around in after dark.
- Bougainville is also pretty sleazy day or night with drug dealers openly operating under the noses of the security guards.
- There are lots of free festivals, open air cinema in the summer and again, be careful with bags, belongings in these situations.
- Another venue, not very easy to access, is the Friche Belle de Mai , a former factory with a spectacular rooftop bar which opens on Fridays and Saturday nights during the summer, it hosts some of the best club and live music nights the city has to offer. It’s in a poor neighborhood, some consider dangerous, although I’ve never experienced problems around there or felt unsafe. Nearby is a repertory cinema, the Gyptis , which has films in their original language.
- There are news reports of robbers posing as fake Police, using a blue flashing light on their car, pulling over drivers to then demand wallets, mobile phones, and other valuables. These thefts are occurring on motorways during the early hours, between 2am and 6am and are reported to be taking place in Marseille and all along the French Riviera. Something to be careful of if you’re driving.
Laat je niet afschrikken om hierheen te komen. Ik hou van de stad en ik ben hier heel gelukkig. Maar het is er gevaarlijk, gewelddadig en er heerst criminaliteit. Je moet hier veel meer op je hoede zijn dan op andere plekken.
Much of the serious crime is gang and drug related and is most unlikely to affect a visitor unless you take a bus out to one of the housing projects in the notorious Quartiers Nord and look for trouble. These are like the favelas of Latin America, entire housing projects or estates controlled by criminal gangs which the police can only enter when there are several vans full of them, armed with assault rifles and body armor. If you’re curious, the ‘Hotel du Nord project’ offers home-stays in the North of the city and guided walks. Some efforts are being made to improve the lives and chances of people in these areas but to a large extent whole sections of society are disenfranchised.
All I can say is these are my views based upon lived experience of twelve months in Marseille. I hope it’s helpful.”
Meer informatie
Bekijk onze Deskundige tips over hoe u criminaliteit aan de Franse Rivièra kunt vermijdenen leer over vergassingen en woningovervallen.
Hier is een gedetailleerde misdaadanalyse, uitgesplitst per stad:
